QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF COMPLIANCE AND INSPECTION PRACTICES IN REDUCING SUPPLY CHAIN DISRUPTIONS

Abstract

This study quantitatively examined the influence of compliance and inspection practices on reducing supply chain disruptions, using data collected from organizations across manufacturing, logistics, and distribution sectors. A total of 312 respondents contributed survey and archival data, and the study was informed gaps in integrated governance analysis. Compliance variables—including policy formalization, documentation accuracy, audit coverage, supplier compliance rating, and training hours—were operationalized alongside inspection indicators such as inspection frequency, sampling intensity, automation level, and detection accuracy. Disruption outcomes were measured using incident count, disruption severity, downtime hours, lead-time deviation, and recovery duration. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that compliance practices explained 16% additional variance in disruption outcomes, while inspection practices added another 11%, resulting in a final model explaining 39% of total variance. Compliance demonstrated a significant negative effect on disruptions (β = −.24), and inspection displayed a similarly strong negative association (β = −.29). Mediation testing confirmed that inspection partially transmitted the influence of compliance on disruptions, evidenced by a significant indirect effect (−.12). Moderation results further indicated that inspection intensity strengthened the compliance–disruption relationship, with the interaction term yielding a significant coefficient (β = −.14). These findings demonstrated that both compliance and inspection practices contributed independently and interactively to disruption reduction. Organizations with stronger documentation accuracy, higher detection accuracy, and more frequent inspection routines experienced markedly lower incident levels and shorter recovery durations. The study concluded that integrated compliance–inspection governance frameworks served as critical mechanisms for enhancing operational stability and minimizing supply chain vulnerabilities.